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(From Sotheby's Catalog) One of the earliest references to guan kilns may be found in Tan zhai bihen [Composed measures from the Tan Studio], written by the Southern Song scholar Ye Zhi: ‘The kiln [site] at Xiuneisi, referred to as the inner kiln, inherited the production [method] of the ancient capital and produced celadon wares that used clear clay as standard. [These wares were] extremely fine with a glossy coloured [glaze] that was lustrous and translucent. They were treasured [by everyone] in the realm. Subsequently, a different new kiln was established at Jituotianxia [which produced wares that were] greatly different from [that produced at the] old kiln.’
查阅世界上所有的书籍和博物馆,你不会找到比下面这个官窑南宋棱纹花瓶更精美或更美丽的杰作。这个花瓶很可能是在官方修内司内窑或可能是焦坛下窑制作的。它有一种厚厚的不透明的淡蓝色,略带绿色,这是通过多次上釉和连续烧制而实现的。这层厚釉在边缘周围变薄,呈现出深赭褐色饼干色,整个花瓶略有裂纹。形状非常平衡,显然是由一位陶艺大师完成的。这类器皿以非常精细的陶罐而闻名,其胎体比釉层更薄。花瓶底部有官方政府标记。金军将朝廷赶出了北宋,他们于公元 1127 年被赶到杭州南部,建立了南宋。ppjrs
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南宋箭瓶杰作,官窑官窑御制时期官窑花瓶,由官方修内司内窑制作。有几层厚的蓝釉,略带绿色的半透明釉,用薄胎和较厚的釉制成底部有釉料积聚。这个美丽的半透明蓝纹釉箭形花瓶底部有官方的关公标记。还有一个铁脚,烧制而成,深赭石色来自他们使用的棕色粘土。金军驱赶了朝廷公元 1127 年,他们被赶出北宋,南迁杭州,建立了 南宋。尺寸约为 8 3/8" 高 ppjrs
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南宋虎柄瓶杰作,官窑修内司官窑御制时期官窑虎柄瓶,由修内司官窑内窑制作。有几层厚厚的绿釉,用薄坯制成。这件美丽的绿釉瓶非常微弱的裂纹釉曲线长方形花瓶底部有官府的官方标记。还有一个铁脚,烧制而成,深棕色,因为使用了棕色粘土。金军将朝廷赶出了北宋,他们公元 1127 年,他们被赶到杭州,建立了 南宋。尺寸约为 8 7/8" 高 ppjrs
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南宋 罗纹瓶 杰作,官窑官窑修内司窑 御制时期官窑花瓶,在官窑内窑制作。 有几层厚的蓝釉,略带绿色的半透明釉,用薄胎和较厚的胎体制成底部有釉料积聚。这个美丽的蓝色带绿色裂纹釉肋花瓶,底部有官方的关公标记。还有一个铁脚,烧制而成,深赭石色来自他们使用的棕色粘土。金军驱逐北宋朝廷,公元 1127 年被赶到杭州,建立了 南宋。尺寸约为 9 1/8" 高 ppjrs
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Southern Song Dynasty Oval Vase Masterpiece, Guan Yao Official Xiuneisi Kiln Imperial Mark period Guan ware Vase that was done in the official Xiuneisi inner kiln. Has had several layers of thick bluish with a tinge of greenish translucent Glaze which was done with a thin body and thicker pooling glaze on the base. This Beautiful greenish bluish transparent crackle glazed Bottle Vase has the official government Guan mark on the base. Also has a iron foot from firing and the dark brown color from the ochre brown clay they used. The Jin Armies drove the Imperial Court out from the Northern Song Dynasty they were driven south to Hangzhou in 1127A.D. and they setup the Southern Song Dynasty. measures approx 9 1/8" tall ppjrs
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Song Dynasty Guan Yao Official Kiln Imperial period Guan ware Bamboo Neck Bottle Vase. has crackled Beige glazed Vase with fire gild bands around the rim and base that have layered reddish cuprite and greenish Botryoidal malachite corrosion that seeped through the pores of fire gilded copper bands which guarantees its great age, is a clear indication of there great age and authenticity and this is more reliable than a TL test and used by all experts to determine authenticity of an artifact and can't be faked. Also has a iron foot from firing that's dark brown color. The Jin Armies drove the Imperial Court out from the Northern Song Dynasty they were driven south to Hangzhou in 1127A.D. and they setup the Southern Song Dynasty.
measures approx 5 5/8" tall ppjrs
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Southern Song Dynasty Square Ribbed Vase Masterpiece, Guan Yao Official Xiuneisi Kiln Imperial Mark period Guan ware Vase that was done in the official inner kiln. Has had several layers of thick Bluish with a tinge of greenish Glaze which was done with a thin body and thicker glaze pooling on the base. This Beautiful translucent Bluish faint crackle glazed Square Ribbed Vase has the official government Guan mark on the base. Also has a iron foot from firing and the dark ochre brown color from the brown clay they used. Xiu Nei Si apparently refers to the Department of palace supply, The Jin Armies drove the Imperial Court out from the Northern Song Dynasty they were driven south to Hangzhou in 1127A.D. and they setup the Southern Song Dynasty. measures approx 9 1/4" tall ppjrs
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Southern Song Dynasty Hexagon Vase Masterpiece, Guan Yao Official Xiuneisi Kiln Imperial Mark period Guan ware Hexagon with Tiger Handles Vase that was done in the official inner kiln. Has had several layers of thick Bluish with a tinge of greenish translucent Glaze which was done with a thin body and thicker glaze pooling on the base. This Beautiful Bluish crackled Transparent glazed Hexagon Vase has the official government Guan mark on the base. Also has a iron foot from firing and the dark ochre brown color from the brown clay they used. Xiu Nei Si apparently refers to the Department of palace supply. The Jin Armies drove the Imperial Court out from the Northern Song Dynasty they were driven south to Hangzhou in 1127A.D. and they setup the Southern Song Dynasty. measures approx 9 1/4" tall ppjrs
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南宋 壶形提瓶 杰作,官窑官窑修内司窑御制时期官窑花瓶,在官窑内窑制作。有几层厚的蓝绿色半透明釉,用细身管状把手,底部有较厚的釉料池。这款美丽的半透明蓝纹裂纹釉壶形花瓶底部有官方的关公标记。此外,还有一个铁脚,烧制而成,深赭褐色,这是由于它们所用的棕色粘土所致。修内司显然是指宫廷供应部门。金军将朝廷赶出北宋,公元 1127 年被赶到杭州,并建立了 南宋。
尺寸约为 9 1/8" 高 ppjrs
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Joseph.Sharon@chinesemasterpieces.com
南宋 喇叭口瓶 杰作,官窑修内司官窑御制时期 官窑花瓶,由修内司官窑内窑制作。 瓶身薄,胎体肥厚,釉色为青色,略带绿色。底部有较厚的釉料。这款美丽的半透明蓝纹釉喇叭口花瓶底部有官方的关公标记。还有一个铁脚,烧制而成,深赭褐色,这是他们使用的棕色粘土造成的。显然是修内寺指宫廷供应部。金军将朝廷赶出北宋,公元 1127 年被赶到杭州,并建立了 南宋。尺寸约为 9 1/4" 高 ppjrs
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Southern Song Dynasty Cong Form Vase Masterpiece, Guan Yao Official Xiuneisi Kiln Imperial Mark period Guan ware Cong Form Vase that was done in the Official Xiuneisi inner kiln. Has had several layers of thick Bluish with a tinge of greenish Glaze which was done with a thin body and thicker glaze on the base. This Beautiful Bluish Translucent crackle glazed Cong Vase has the official government Guan mark on the base. Also has a iron four feet base from firing and the dark ochre brown color fo the clay they used. Xiu Nei Si apparently refers to the Department of palace supply. The Jin Armies drove the Imperial Court out from the Northern Song Dynasty they were driven south to Hangzhou in 1127A.D. and they setup
the Southern Song Dynasty. measures approx. 9 3/8" tall ppjrs
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南宋梅瓶杰作官窑官窑修内司窑御制款官窑花瓶,由官窑内窑烧制而成。釉层厚重,略带青绿,胎体薄,底部积釉较厚。这件美丽的蓝纹釉梅瓶底部有官方印鉴。此外,它还配有铁底,烧制而成,颜色呈深赭褐色,这是由于他们使用了棕色粘土。秀内司显然是指宫廷供应部。金军赶走了北宋朝廷,于公元1127年南下杭州,建立了南宋。
尺寸约为 9 1/4" 高 ppjrs
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南宋八方壶形瓶 杰作,官窑修内司官窑御制时期官窑花瓶,由修内司官窑内窑烧制而成。胎体薄,釉层厚,釉色柔和,釉面均匀。底座。这个美丽的半透明绿色非常微裂纹釉的壶形花瓶底座上有官府的官方标记。还有一个铁脚,烧制而成,颜色深棕色,因为他们使用了棕色粘土。秀内寺显然指的是宫廷补给司蜀司。金军将北宋朝廷赶出,公元1127年被赶到杭州,并建立了 南宋。尺寸约为 8 3/4" 高 ppjrs
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Joseph.Sharon@chinesemasterpieces.com
Southern Song Dynasty Double Gourd Bottle Vase Masterpiece, Guan Yao Official Kiln Imperial Mark period Guan ware Double Gourd Bottle Vase that was done in the official Xiuneisi inner kiln. Has had several layers of thick Bluish with a tinge of Greenish Glaze which was done with a thin body and thicker glaze. This Beautiful Bluish Greenish crackled glazed Bottle Vase has the official government Guan mark on the base. Also has three iron feet from firing and the dark ochre brown color from the brown clay they used. Xiu Nei Si apparently refers to the Department of palace supply Shunai Division. The Jin Armies drove the Imperial Court out from the Northern Song Dynasty they were driven south to Hangzhou in 1127A.D. and they setup the Southern Song Dynasty. measures approx 9 1/4" tall ppjrs
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Southern Song Dynasty Octagon Hu-form Vase Masterpiece, Guan Yao Official Kiln Imperial Mark period Guan ware Vase that was done in the official Xiuneisi inner kiln. Has had several layers of thick Bluish with a Tinge of Greenish Glaze which was done with a thin body and thicker glaze pooling on the base. This Beautiful translucent Bluish crackled glazed Hu-form Vase has the official government Guan mark on the base. Also has a iron foot from firing and the dark ochre brown color from the brown clay they used. The Jin Armies drove the Imperial Court out from the Northern Song Dynasty they were driven south to Hangzhou in 1127A.D. and they setup the Southern Song Dynasty. measures approx 8 1/2" tall ppjrs
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南宋 斜角瓶 杰作,官窑修内司官窑御制时期 官窑花瓶,由修内司官窑制作。 瓶身薄,胎体肥厚,釉色为青绿色,釉层厚实。底部有较厚的釉料。这个美丽的半透明蓝釉裂纹角花瓶底部有官方的关公标记。还有一个铁脚,烧制而成,深赭褐色,这是他们使用的棕色粘土造成的。金军驱赶了北宋末年,他们被赶到杭州,在公元1127年建立了
南宋。尺寸约为 8 1/2" 高 ppjrs
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Joseph.Sharon@chinesemasterpieces.com
Southern Song Dynasty Octagonal Bottle Vase Masterpiece, Guan Yao Official Kiln Imperial Mark period Guan ware Octagonal Bottle Vase that was done in the official Xiuneisi inner kiln. Has had several layers of thick Bluish Glaze which was done with a thin body and thicker pooling glaze on the base. This Beautiful Bluish with a tinge of Greenish crackled glazed Bottle Vase has the official government Guan mark on the base. Also has a iron foot from firing and the dark Ochre brown color from the brown clay they used. The Jin Armies drove the Imperial Court out from the Northern Song Dynasty they were driven south to Hangzhou in 1127A.D. and they setup the Southern Song Dynasty.
measures approx 8 5/8" tall ppjrs
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宋代官窑官窑时期官窑纹瓶。瓶身施米黄色釉,口沿及底部有火鎏金纹,红铜矿层和绿孔雀石层腐蚀层渗入火鎏金铜带的孔隙中,保证了其古老,是古老和真实性的明显标志,这比 TL 测试更可靠,所有专家都用它来判断文物的真实性,而且无法伪造。还有一个烧制后的深棕色铁脚颜色,使用深褐色的粘土。金军将朝廷赶出北宋,公元 1127 年,他们被赶到杭州,建立了南宋。
尺寸约为 5 3/4" 高 ppjrs
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南宋竹颈瓶 杰作,官窑修内司官窑御制时期官窑花瓶,由修内司官窑内窑烧制而成。釉面呈薄层,釉色为淡青色,釉层厚实,略带绿釉。瓶身和底部的较厚的釉层。这个美丽的蓝釉裂纹瓶底部有官方的关公标记。还有一个铁底,烧制而成,颜色为深赭褐色,这是他们使用的棕色粘土所致。金军开北宋朝廷于公元 1127 年被驱逐至杭州,建立了南宋。尺寸约为 8 1/2" 高 ppjrs
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Southern Song Dynasty Hexagon Meiping Masterpiece Guan Yao Official Xiuneisi Kiln Imperial Mark period Guan ware Vase that was done in the Official Xiuneisi inner kiln. Has had several layers of thick Bluish with a tinge of Greenish Glaze which shows the thin body and thicker pooling glaze on the base. This Beautiful Transparent Bluish crackle glazed Hexagon Meiping Vase has the official government mark on the base. Also has a iron foot from firing and the dark ochre brown color from the brown clay they used. Xiu Nei Si apparently refers to the Department of palace supply Shunai Division. The Jin Armies drove the Imperial Court out from the Northern Song Dynasty they were driven south to Hangzhou in 1127A.D. and they setup the Southern Song Dynasty.
measures approx 9 1/4" tall ppjrs
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Song Dynasty Guan Yao Official Kiln Imperial marked and period Guan ware Vase. has crackled Beige glazed and handles Vase, also fire gild bands around the rim and base that have layered reddish cuprite and greenish Botryoidal malachite corrosion where the gold has worn which confirms its great age, is a guarantee indication of there great age and authenticity and this is more reliable than a TL test and used by all experts to determine authenticity of an artifact and can't be faked. Also has a iron foot from firing thats dark brown color also has the official Guan mark on base. The Jin Armies drove the Imperial Court out from the Northern Song Dynasty they were driven south to Hangzhou in 1127A.D. and they setup the Southern Song Dynasty.
measures approx 8 7/8" tall ppjrs
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南宋管柄瓶 杰作,官窑官窑御制时期官窑花瓶,由官方修内司内窑制作。有几层厚的青釉,略带绿色,胎体薄,釉质较厚底部有积釉。这个美丽的蓝釉裂纹瓶底部有官府印记。还有一个铁脚,烧制而成,深赭褐色,是他们使用的棕色粘土所致。金军驱赶朝廷公元 1127 年,他们被赶出北宋,南迁杭州,建立了南宋。尺寸约为 8 1/2" 高 ppjrs
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This Beautiful masterpiece Guan Yao S. Song Dynasty Vase above has a thick bluish with a tinge greenish glaze that was achieved by putting on several applications of glaze and successive firings. Guan Yao Official Kiln Imperial Mark period Guan ware Vase that was done in the official Xiuneisi inner kiln. This thick coat of glaze rounded off any sharp angles of the form. The form is well balanced clearly done by a master potter. The body used ochre brown clay that is very finely potted and thinner than the glaze, you can see this on the base were the glaze is pooling. The Vase has the official government mark on the base. Xiu Nei Si apparently refers to the Department of palace supply Shunai Division, under the relocated Northern Song Administration, which was driven south to Hangzhou in 1127A.D. Measures approx 9" tall.
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南宋六方瓶杰作,官窑修内司官窑御制时期官窑虎耳六方瓶,为官窑内窑制品。胎薄釉厚,施多层厚绿釉。这件美丽的绿色透明釉六角花瓶,底部有官府的官方标记。此外,它还有一个铁脚,烧制后呈现出深棕色,这是由于他们使用了棕色粘土。金军将朝廷赶出了北宋时期,公元1127年,他们被赶到杭州,建立了 南宋。尺寸约为 9 1/4" 高 ppjrs
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南宋 棱纹瓶 杰作,官窑官窑御制时期 官窑花瓶,由官窑修内司内窑烧制而成。胎薄釉厚,釉层厚,釉色呈青绿色,釉层厚重。底部有积水。这个美丽的蓝纹釉肋花瓶,底部有官府的官方标记。还有一个铁脚,烧制而成,颜色深红褐色,这是他们使用的棕色粘土造成的。金军驱赶了朝廷公元 1127 年,他们被赶出北宋,南迁杭州,建立了 南宋。尺寸约为 9 1/8" 高 ppjrs
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宋代官窑官窑标记和时期裂纹米色花瓶,带有火镀金带。带子清楚地显示了底部的层状赤铜矿和顶部的葡萄状孔雀石,这只存在于自然界中,是其古老和真实性的保证。这比 TL 测试更可靠,所有专家都用它来判断文物的真实性,而且无法伪造。花瓶还有一个烧制的铁脚,颜色为深棕色,底部还有官方关公标记。金军开走了公元1127年,北宋灭亡,宋朝廷南迁杭州,建立南宋。
尺寸约为 9 1/2" 高 ppjrs
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They're part of the hoard of 300+ unique pieces from the Collection of
Emperor Huizong of N.Song Dynasty. There is nothing in the world that can compare to the importance of this collection, many of these forms have never been seen before, the condition of this collection is exquisite. It's 100% authentic and easy to prove because of the cuprite and malachite corrosion that took about 900 years to develop on the fire gilded copper bands and everyone can see this easily with your own eyes, also the crushed agate in the glaze that can be seen with a 20x loupe. Ru ware is all over the internet and the auction houses are still telling people that they're all fakes, this is just more lies. Only Commissioned Official Royal Imperial Ru wares are Rare and they're not all over the internet and no Royal Imperial Ru wares have ever been sold at any auctions. If anyone has any doubt it would be totally impossible for any Kiln in China today to produce over 300+ wares such as these masterpieces! There's only one Kiln in the history of China that could achieve this, that was Royal Ru Kiln of the Northern Song Dynasty and Emperor Huizong. These 2nd commissioned wares the foot rings are unglazed and they were fired flat in the kiln, and this Cong Vase shown below has fire gilded over copper bands that are corroded with cuprite and malachite. It's 100% authentic and easy to prove because of the cuprite and malachite corrosion that took about 900 years to develop on the fire gilded copper bands and everyone can see this easily with your own eyes also the crushed agate in the glaze can be seen with a 20x loupe! You don't have to be an expert to understand this. All 2nd commissioned wares are not marked. The 2nd commissioned wares have an off white biscuit that turns brownish after firing, the wares have a very rich beautiful smooth glaze without any crackle, extremely rare wares have fire gilded over copper bands, This Cong Vase is the finest Vase from the hoard of Chinese Emperor Huizong Of The Northern Song Dynasty 1082 to 1135 Collection.
Below is a row of closeups photos to show you the Cuprite and Malachite corrosion on the RU WARE Copper Fire gilded Bands. (Fire gilding with gold and mercury, the mercury metal being driven off afterward by fire. This type of gilding hasn't been used since the mid 1800 because it is very dangerous)This patina took about 900 years to develop on these bands and this can't be faked. (From the book Copper and bronze in art by David Scott) (chapter 3 page 106 Malachite in bronze patinas) (The natural transition of metal to cuprite to malachite is very difficult to replicate in the laboratory. In fact, most of the recipes for producing artificial green patinas on copper alloys, such as those compiled by Hughes and Rowe (1982), do not result in malachite formation over a cuprite layer. Consequently, the existence of this type of corrosion, supported by analytical and metallographic studies, is a good indication of the authenticity of an artifact.) Also microscopic photos of the RU WARE glaze which you can see the tiny reflective specs of crushed agate that was used in the glaze. The reflective agate specs can also be seen when using a 20x loupe, only Commissioned Imperial Ru Wares have crushed agate in the glaze. The pieces that have been sold by the corrupt Auction companies will not show crush agate in there glaze because they never used agate in Merchant wares. Only Official Commissioned Royal Imperial Ru wares used Rare Blue Crushed Agate in the glaze. The finest Merchant wares have fire gilded copper bands these were given as tribute to the Emperor. Most Merchant wares were sold to the wealthy merchants. The Merchant pieces that were flawed were sold very cheap to the population and Merchant wares that were extremely flawed were destroyed. When Emperor Huizong commissioned the Ru Kiln, he worked with the Ru kiln to setup the site and designed wares for himself and his court and made them his official Royal Kiln. He wanted them to use Rare Blue Agate in the glaze in all his Commissioned wares. The Commissioned wares are generally larger then what the Ru Kiln had been producing, also they have there own distinct styles, forms, and glazes that many have not been seen even until today. They have found the Ru kiln site where they made the Merchant wares before Emperor Huizong commissioned them.
They haven't found Emperor Huizong's Official Royal Ru kiln site yet.
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扇形晶针的形成
大多数晶体只是利用可用的分子开始生长。这会产生离散晶体,其大小取决于可用的材料。但孔雀石不同。它很少形成大小合适的离散晶体。相反,科学家说,正在形成的孔雀石晶体会“分裂”,分叉成细小的针状物,并聚集成扇形。
扇形孔雀石针状物会长成紧密结合的小球,这些小球会聚集在一起并结合在一起,形成一个固体块。当小球停止生长并终止时,顶面会变圆到一定程度。术语“葡萄状”(类似于一串葡萄)和“肾形”(肾形)用于描述大到小的起伏小球块。
作者鲍勃·琼斯 (Bob Jones) 曾获得卡内基矿物学奖,是 Rockhound 名人堂成员,自 Rock & Gem 创刊以来一直为其撰稿。他讲授矿物相关课程,并撰写过多本书籍和视频脚本。
This is a Microscopic photo of one of the Ru Ware Fire Gilded Copper Bands, shows the "Botryoidal Malachite Patina over the reddish Cuprite."This can not be Faked. (From the book Copper and bronze in art by David Scott) (chapter 3 page 106 Malachite in bronze patinas) (The natural transition of metal to cuprite to malachite is very difficult to replicate in the laboratory. In fact, most of the recipes for producing artificial green patinas on copper alloys, such as those compiled by Hughes and Rowe (1982), do not result in malachite formation over a cuprite layer. Consequently, the existence of this type of corrosion, supported by analytical and metallographic studies, is a good indication of the authenticity of an artifact.)
宋徽宗在位时间是 1100 年至 1126 年。宋徽宗将皇位传给了他的儿子。他以推广道教和诗歌、绘画、书法和音乐方面的才华而闻名。金军步步紧逼,最终占领了他的宋帝国,宋徽宗于 1127 年被俘,1135 年在囚禁中去世,从世界上最富有的人变成了一个穷困潦倒的人。他的大量藏品被收集起来,存放在大木箱中,流传了几个世纪。自 90 年代中国开放以来,许多旧藏品进入了市场。我的皇家汝瓷收藏来自宋徽宗的收藏。
徽宗统治期间,他决定委托汝窑为自己和朝廷烧制瓷器,因为汝窑给他的朝廷贡品是所有窑口中最精致的。进献给徽宗的汝窑朝廷贡品是当时汝窑制作的最好的瓷器,它们没有瑕疵,而且为了使它们显得特别,他们使用了几种颜色,并在口沿、有时也在底部添加了火镀金带。(火镀金是用金和水银进行的,随后用火将水银金属除去。自 19 世纪中期以来,这种镀金方式就不再使用,因为它非常危险)在口沿,有时也在底部。所有朝贡器的口沿和底部都有火镀金带,有时只在口沿有。这些带上有大面积的层状赤铜矿和孔雀石腐蚀,这种腐蚀只存在于自然界中,无法伪造。 (摘自 David Scott 所著《艺术中的铜和青铜》一书) (第 3 章第 106 页 青铜器上的孔雀石) 金属到赤铜矿到孔雀石的自然转变很难在 实验室。事实上,大多数在铜合金上产生人造绿色铜锈的配方,例如 Hughes 和 Rowe (1982) 编写的配方,都不会导致在赤铜矿层上形成孔雀石。因此,这种腐蚀的存在,得到了分析和金相研究的支持,是文物真实性的一个很好的迹象。 这也引发了其他一些窑厂在其皇家进贡器物上添加火镀金带的现象。
在汝窑成为真正的皇帝御用官窑之前,他们生产的器物非常小,带有零星的裂纹,在高脚架上烧制,底部留下了马刺痕迹。这些器物的釉料中都没有碎玛瑙,而且这些器物往往有瑕疵。有严重瑕疵的器物被销毁,有严重烧制瑕疵的器物以非常便宜的价格卖给了民众,这些器物就是苏富比和佳士得拍卖的器物,经常在收藏有汝窑器的博物馆里找到。更好的器物卖给了富商,价格相当昂贵。最好的器物被作为贡品献给了徽宗皇帝,他一直从所有窑口收到这些华丽的器物。徽宗皇帝决定委托汝窑,使其成为中国第一个官窑,制作的瓷器将成为中国历史上第一批专供他自己和宫廷使用的官窑瓷器。他希望这些瓷器看起来与历史上的瓷器相似,必须是青瓷色,看起来像是用玉石雕刻而成,颜色与朝鲜的高丽瓷器相似。看到原型后,他不希望瓷器有马刺痕迹,他们开始在窑中平放烧制瓷器,并配以无釉的圈足。徽宗皇帝希望他们在釉料中使用罕见的蓝色碎玛瑙,碎玛瑙只用于徽宗皇帝开发的官窑汝瓷。第一批委托烧制的瓷器呈灰色,烧成后变成棕色,一些瓷器的底部有划痕,其中大多数是风华等痕迹,它们都有裂纹冰裂纹。罕见的蓝色碎玛瑙仅用于徽宗皇帝开发的官方汝窑瓷器。他希望这些瓷器比汝窑贡品更大,非常朴素,造型简单精致,通常使用喇叭形口,所有这些皇家御用瓷器仅供皇帝及其宫廷使用,无论烧制过程中是否出现任何瑕疵。
汝窑现已成为官方御窑,专门为皇帝和宫廷制作御用瓷器。尽管这些瓷器往往有瑕疵且过于简单,但徽宗皇帝却看到了真正的美,因为每件瓷器都有自己的特点,就像他看到的美一样。最终,他的一些御用顾问想要更精美的瓷器,于是徽宗皇帝决定让汝窑为自己和宫廷制作中国有史以来最精美的青瓷。徽宗委托制作的第二批官窑瓷器并不朴素,它们非常优雅、奢华、美丽,釉色非常丰富,是中国有史以来制作的最精美的青瓷。这些瓷器全都是青瓷色,色调各异,还在所有瓷器的釉料中加入了罕见的蓝色碎玛瑙。它们的青瓷釉质非常丰富,并含有罕见的蓝色碎玛瑙,釉面没有裂纹,但银带器皿有几条纹路,造型非常精美,圈足无釉,在窑中平烧,素坯呈灰白色,烧成后变为褐色,他们有时在一些特殊的器皿上在边缘和底部使用火镀金铜带,他们也只在使用最暗的青瓷釉的特殊器皿上在边缘使用银带,这些器皿有几条裂纹。所有第二次委托的官方皇家器皿都没有标记。
在成为官方皇家御窑之前生产的所有汝窑瓷器釉料中都没有玛瑙。所有拍卖行和博物馆都声称,他们记录的所有汝窑瓷器釉料中都使用了碎玛瑙,并说看不到玛瑙是因为它在烧制过程中融化了,这完全是错误的说法。他们记录的所有汝窑瓷器都不是徽宗皇帝委托汝窑为他和他的宫廷生产的官方御窑瓷器,都是有瑕疵的商窑瓷器。玛瑙的熔点为1600C至2600C度,而宋代窑炉温度最多只能达到1250C度,因此,认为粉碎的玛瑙会熔入釉中是谬论。商人从来不会在任何器皿中使用玛瑙,而且将玛瑙粉碎成完整的粉末也非常困难,这就是为什么在所有皇家御制的汝窑中,使用20倍或更高的放大镜都可以清楚地看到釉中的玛瑙痕迹。
我收藏了一批汝窑瓷器,这些瓷器自北宋灭亡后就被藏匿起来,乾隆皇帝没有能力收藏这些瓷器,他收藏的都是一些瑕疵品,这些瑕疵品被卖给了百姓,而汝窑在成为官窑之前是为富商阶层所烧制的。清朝乾隆皇帝收藏的商窑瓷器是当时已知存在的全部。直到 20 世纪的收藏家开始收藏大多有瑕疵的汝窑瓷器。自 20 世纪 90 年代以来,中国向世界开放,许多隐藏的精美瓷器和藏品纷纷涌入市场。我意识到这将澄清一些关于汝窑瓷器和徽宗皇帝统治时期的问题。多年来,大家都不得不依赖乾隆皇帝的收藏品,这些藏品虽然非常精美,但它们并不是徽宗皇帝委托汝窑为自己和朝廷制作的真正的皇家御用汝窑器皿。
古文献对首件御用汝窑瓷器有详尽的解释和记载,称宋徽宗命窑/汝窑烧造的青瓷器质朴、低调、简约,看起来像是来自过去的历史。文献还解释说,首件御用汝窑瓷器在釉料中使用了罕见的蓝色碎玛瑙(用 20 倍放大镜可以看到),碎玛瑙只用于宋徽宗开发的官窑汝窑瓷器。首件御用汝窑瓷器有许多前所未见的独特造型,这一切都展现了汝窑工匠的真正天才。所有首件官窑汝窑瓷器的圈足均无釉。所有首件官窑汝窑瓷器的釉面都有精细的冰裂纹,而且这些器皿内部也施釉。一品御制汝窑瓷器底部常有划痕,且多有风华,花瓶口常为喇叭形,且比商窑和贡品更大。一品御制汝窑瓷器胎体呈灰色,烧成后呈褐色。所有一品御制汝窑瓷器釉面均有细密的冰裂纹,器内也施釉。一品御制汝窑瓷器专为皇帝及其宫廷制作。徽宗皇帝在朴素中看到美,他将这些瓷器视为艺术品,无论它们是否有瑕疵,都留在宫廷中,这些瓷器显然满足了他的愿望。第一个官制的御用汝窑花瓶的特写照片显示,一滴釉汁附着在圈足上,釉中清晰可见稀有的蓝玛瑙碎片,而解释汝窑的古代文字证明,这些是宋徽宗皇帝传奇的御用官窑器物
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The tribute wares are generally small with fire gilded over copper bands, these bands have cuprite and malachite corrosion and this guarantees its great age and is more reliable than a TL test and used by all experts to determine authenticity of an artifact and can't be faked! Tribute wares are glazed all over and they're fired on setters with prongs that hold the piece off the kiln floor. The prongs leave spur marks on the base and these marks are sesame seed size and shape. Tribute wares have a beautiful smooth glaze and they don't have any crushed agate stone in the glaze. Only Official Imperial wares have crushed Blue Agate in the glaze. The Tribute Wares either have an off white or ash colored biscuit and they are finest done merchant wares, and were given fire gilded copper bands and presented to Emperor Huizong as Tribute
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宫廷中的御用顾问要求更精美的器皿,因此徽宗皇帝委托汝窑为他和宫廷烧制精美的二品御用青瓷器,这在古文献中也有所记载,二品御用瓷器非常典雅、奢华、美丽,比商人的瓷器和贡品都要大,而且全部是青瓷色。所有二品御用瓷器的釉料中都有罕见的碎蓝玛瑙。(用 20 倍放大镜可以看到)。碎蓝玛瑙只用于徽宗皇帝开发的官窑汝瓷器。二品御用瓷器有许多前所未见的独特形式,展现了汝窑的真正天才。第二次委托的皇家器皿的圈足未上釉,在窑中平烧,图示花瓶的铜带上镀金,铜带被杯状礼仪和孔雀石腐蚀,这保证了它经久不衰,比 TL 测试更可靠,所有专家都用它来判断文物的真实性,无法伪造!所有第二次委托的皇家御用器皿均未标记。第二次委托的皇家御用器皿有乳白色的饼干,烧成后变成褐色,器皿的釉面非常丰富美丽光滑,没有任何裂纹,一些器的铜带上镀金,没有带的花瓶的釉面也没有裂纹。下图中的所有第二次委托的皇家花瓶都有镀金的银带,釉面上有轻微的裂纹和几条线条,所有这些花瓶仅在边缘周围有镀金的银带,而且它们都有深色的青瓷釉,上面有罕见的蓝色碎玛瑙,可以用20倍放大镜看清。镀金磨损的地方有厚厚的黑色腐蚀。
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下面展示的三件汝窑器物是商窑器物。商窑器物是清朝乾隆皇帝收藏的器物,是中国开放世界之前已知的所有器物,许多隐藏的精美器物和藏品都流入了市场。商窑器物比皇家御窑器物小,通体上釉,包括圈足。烧制时使用带有叉子的镶嵌器将器物抬离窑底。因此,它们有芝麻大小和形状的马刺痕,这些马刺痕只能在商窑器物和进贡器物上看到。商窑器物做工不如进贡器物精细,因为最好的器物被赋予了火烧鎏金铜带,并作为贡品进献给徽宗皇帝。
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